CAPN10 and diabetes mellitus: Calpain-10 is identified as the first type 2 diabetes mellitus gene in a genome-wide scan followed by positional cloning, and is located on chromosome 2q37, encoding Calpain-10, which is a commonly expressed member of the Calpain-like cysteine protease family.[6,7] Functional genetic data reveals that Calpain-10 plays an instrumental part in insulin resistance and intermediate phenotypes, including those related to adipocytes.[8,9]Calpain-10 may promote the translocation of GLUT4 through reorganization of the cytoskeleton.