An additional astrocytic transporter, monocarboxylate transporter MCT1 [55], was included to investigate if chronic insulin-induced hypoglycaemia would lead to upregulation of this transporter in order to increase transfer of astrocytic lactate formed by breakdown of astrocytic glycogen stores to the extracellular space to make it available as an alternative energy substrate for the neurons. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Hypoglycemia.