Increased IL-1β secretion has been reported in vitro by monocytes from other autoinflammatory diseases, including FMF (53), TRAPS (54) hyperimmunoglobulinemia D syndrome (55), pyogenic sterile arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum and acne (PAPA) (56), and also in the milder NLRP-12-associated periodic syndrome (57). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is TNF receptor 1-associated periodic fever syndrome.