Hx protects against heme toxicity not only in animal models of hemolytic disorders such as SCD and malaria (Ghosh et al., 2013; Belcher et al., 2014), but also in other diseases, which are not typically associated with hemolysis such as sepsis (Larsen et al., 2010), cardiac disease (Vinchi et al., 2013) and bromine-induced acute lung injury (Aggarwal et al., 2016) (Table 2). Here, HPX is linked to Sepsis.