IFITM1 and schizophrenia: Like IFITM1 (Supplementary Table S2), IFITM3 was also found to be upregulated in post-mortem brain (hippocampus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) from schizophrenic cases versus controls.112, 113 In a larger study (55 cases and 55 controls), prefrontal cortex showed increased IFITM3 expression via array in schizophrenia (P<0.01).114 Of relevance for some immunological hypotheses of schizophrenia risk, mouse studies have suggested that IFITM3 expression is a critical mediator of maternal immune activation.115, 116