VSNL1 and Alzheimer disease: The reason was that in Luo X et al and Mroczko B et al’s studies (mean scores: 18.0), MMSE scores of AD patients12,14 were lower than those in Lee JM’s study16 (mean scores: 23.0), which maybe indicated an earlier stage of AD in Lee JM’s study16 than that in Luo X et al and Mroczko B et al’s studies.12,14 Moreover, the role of CSF VLP-1 in predicting global cognitive decline rates had been further supported by a longitudinal follow-up study for early AD patients.22