In co-culture and co-injection of lal−/− MDSCs with tumor cells, Rab7 GTPase knockdown of lal−/− MDSCs reduced proliferation of B16 melanoma cells and LLC cells in vitro (Figure 7A), tumor growth in both syngeneic and allogeneic recipient mice (Figure 7B–7C), and invasion (Figure 7D–7F), suggesting that Rab7 GTPase is critically involved in the LAL/mTOR axis to control tumorigenesis. Here, MTOR is linked to melanoma.