In our study, FAPα showed good sensitivity (56.1%) and specificity (85.6%) in diagnosis of ESCC, and exhibited much higher sensitivity (35.4%) than CEA (12.2%), SCCA (29.3%) and CYFRA211 (19.5%) without compromising specificity (95.0%). Here, SERPINB3 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.