In patients presenting with a first demyelinating event (FDE), the presence of serum antibodies against MBP significantly predicted conversion to multiple sclerosis (MS) in some (Berger et al., 2003; Tomassini et al., 2007) but not all studies (Berger & Reindl, 2007; Kuhle et al., 2007). The gene discussed is MBP; the disease is multiple sclerosis.