PCA3 and prostate carcinoma: Recent developments in prostate cancer detection include measuring the non-coding RNA prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) and transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2):v-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog (avian) (ERG) gene fusion in urine to identify patients requiring repeat biopsies despite an initial negative biopsy [3–5].