CD28 and neoplasm: In particular, Peli1 expression may lead to constitutive activation of antiapoptotic NFκB signalling (possibly in conjunction with TCR-CD28, TLR-IL1R, and/or BCR-CD40R signalling) [1, 4, 5, 40], which raises the possibility that Peli1 expression may be an initiating oncogenic stimulus for evolution of neoplastic aneuploidy and tumour cell survival.