To further confirm these results, we quantified the mRNA levels of C-fos and C-jun in lung tissues by RT-PCR and found that both mRNA levels were increased in COPD group and were reduced after RLD (P < 0.05), suggesting that both C-fos and C-jun could be downregulated by RLD (Figure 5). The gene discussed is JUN; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.