PPARGC1A and cancer: PEPCK is the key enzyme in gluconeogenesis which is enhanced in energy deprivation and promotes glucose and glutamine metabolism [65, 66]; PGC1α is a major transcription coactivator closely related to mitochondria biogenesis and OXPHOS [67], PGC1α positive cells exhibit increased ROS detoxification capacities in some cancers such as melanoma [68].