NR1H4 and primary biliary cholangitis: FXR induces PPARα, thus promoting fatty acid β-oxidation,12, 13 and possesses anti-inflammatory properties, mainly by antagonizing NF-κB signaling.14 Of note, FXR-deficient mice develop steatosis and hypertriglyceridemia.15, 16 Obeticholic acid (OCA) is a potent agonist of FXR, currently approved for the treatment of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and in phase 3 clinical trials for the treatment of NASH.