CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: For example, anti-PD-1 antibody produced objective clinical responses in approximately 20-25% of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), melanoma, and renal-cell cancer [25, 26], and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 showed objective responses in NSCLC as a monotherapy, with evidence for markedly increased overall survival in second-line treatment reported in patients with adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma [27–30].