It is well established that multiple solid tumor types, including melanoma, renal cell carcinoma (RCC), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), thymoma, ovarian, and colorectal cancer, generate an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and avoid T cell-mediated cytolysis by expressing PD-L1 [10–12]. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.