SIRS mediators such as TNF-α and interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6 and IL-12 activate the immune-inflammatory system, which can then be de-activated through the expression of CARS mediators, including IL-1 receptor antagonist, TGF-ß, IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13. The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is systemic inflammatory response syndrome.