The studies from us and others have revealed the risk susceptibility of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP, rs2274223: A5780G:His1927Arg) of PLCE1 in esophageal carcinoma [20–23], we have further shown that the 5780G allele in PLCE participates in the inflammatory process in esophageal epithelium and is associated with esophagitis and esophageal cancer [24]. The gene discussed is PLCE1; the disease is carcinoma of esophagus.