A study identified prostate cancer cells with ALDH+CD44+α2β1+ phenotype could form xenograft tumors in non-obese diabetic (NOD)/SCID mice, which have impaired T and B cell lymphocyte development (SCID mutation) and deficient natural killer (NK) cell function (NOD background) (Qin et al., 2012). This evidence concerns the gene LDHA and prostate carcinoma.