The activity is also evident in vivo in animal models, and non-anticoagulant heparins are promising heparin antagonists that can be used for treatments of conditions with an excess of hepcidin, such as the anemia of chronic disease, also known as anemia of inflammation, which is the most common form of anemia in hospitalized patients, and the iron-refractory iron-deficient anemia (IRIDA) mainly linked to genetic variations of the Tmprrs6 gene. This evidence concerns the gene HAMP and anemia (phenotype).