The identical recurrent mutation in SMO that accounts for the multiple malformations in CJS is also observed in several cancers including ameloblastoma (Sweeney et al., 2014), basal cell carcinoma (Atwood et al., 2015; Sharpe et al., 2015; Xie et al., 1998), medulloblastoma (Jones et al., 2012; Pugh et al., 2012), and meningioma (Brastianos et al., 2013). This evidence concerns the gene SMO and medulloblastoma.