GCM1 and fetal growth restriction: The role of GCM1 for trophoblast function and differentiation is well studied in vitro and in vivo9, 19, 20, 26 and is supported by altered GCM1 expression in human placenta from women with pregnancy complications such as IUGR or preeclamspia.8, 9 Furthermore, in vitro studies support a mechanistic relevance of post-translational GCM1 modifications for syncytiotrophoblast formation.26, 27 However, physiological regulators of post-translational GCM1 modifications and their relevance in human placental diseases remain largely unknown.