CASP1, also known as caspase 1, belongs to the family of CASP proteins, which are cysteine proteases regulating many cellular processes, such as apoptosis, inflammation and necrosis, etc.18, 19 Specifically, CASP1 mediated inflammasome activation regulated immune response and disease pathogenesis.20 In addition, CASP1-induced pyroptosis is an innate immune effector mechanism against intracellular bacteria.21, 22 However, the function and regulation of CASP1 in NSCLC is poorly understood. The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.