The most frequent genetic alterations detected in papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma (PTC and FTC, respectively) are B-Raf proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase (BRAF), rat sarcoma (N-H-KRAS) point mutations, and REarranged during Transfection proto-oncogene (RET)/PTC, and Paired box 8/Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PAX8/PPARγ) rearrangements [26,27]. The gene discussed is PAX8; the disease is thyroid gland follicular carcinoma.