PAPPA and type 2 diabetes mellitus: HR per 1 SD increase in log10(PAPP-A) was 2.97 (95% CI 2.11–4.18) in subjects with T2DM, 3.16 (95% CI 2.27–4.39) in those without T2DM and 3.10 (95% CI 2.48–3.87) in all subjects, all p < 0.001, respectively.