Inhibition of GLI1 by established inhibitors like GANT61 or cyclopamine or knocking down GLI1 using siRNA or GLI1 CRISPR/Cas9 significantly reduced the expression of OCT4 and Nanog indicating direct regulation of cancer stem cells by GLI1 in glioblastoma cells (Figure 5A–5G) and (Figure 6A). The gene discussed is NANOG; the disease is glioblastoma.