In addition to altering the tumor cell metabolism, PKM2 has been shown to exert direct oncogenic effects in part by acting as a protein kinase and interacting with growth-promoting proteins such as beta-catenin, STAT3, FGFR1, A-Raf and PKC13, 14; increasing the transcription of cell-cycle drivers such as cyclin D1 and hypoxia-related genes such as HIF115; and remodeling the histones14. The gene discussed is PKM; the disease is neoplasm.