EPAS1 and nutritional disorder: Additionally, rats fed an iron-deficient diet for one month exhibited profound pulmonary vascular remodeling with upregulation of important regulators like HIF-1α and HIF-2α, decreased mitochondrial complex I activity, and upregulation of glycolytic genes like pdk1. Notably, the consequences of iron deficiency were reversed with iron replacement therapy via intravenous ferric carboxymaltose [57].