This study thus indicated that Wnt signaling activity was enhanced in the kidney with LN, which was accompanied by increased renal and serum DKK-1 levels, suggesting that the canonical Wnt signaling was involved in the turnover of extracellular matrix constituents and represents a potential mediator of the morphologic changes that occur within the glomerulus during the development of nephritis, and the DKK-1 might be pivotal element in the development and progression of systemic and end-organ disease manifestations in SLE [13]. This evidence concerns the gene DKK1 and systemic lupus erythematosus.