All analysis models showed a statistically significant positive association between high anti-LPS and anti-flagellin Ig levels and HCC risk (for total anti-LPS and anti-flagellin Igs, highest vs. lowest quartiles, matching factors model: IRR = 8.72, 95% CI: 2.78–27.29; most adjusted multivariable model with Fischer’s ratio: IRR = 11.76, 95% CI: 1.70–81.40, Ptrend = 0.021). This evidence concerns the gene CUBN and hepatocellular carcinoma.