MAPK8 and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease: Importantly, in pathological conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) synaptopathy, JNK induces a massive removal of glutamate receptors (AMPA and NMDA) from PSD region, leading to LTP impairment, LTD increase [18, 31], and dendritic spines loss [17, 31].