VCAM1 and tuberculosis: In patients with HIV-tuberculosis, concentrations of all markers of endothelial activation measured were altered compared with HIV-infected controls, including higher concentrations of vWF, E-selectin, VCAM-1, Ang-2 and Tie-2 and lower concentrations of ADAMTS-13 and Ang-1, leading to an increased Ang-2/Ang-1 ratio in patients with HIV-tuberculosis (Figure 5).