Further analysis on the involvement of this pathway in the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis may provide important additional information to assist the physician in understanding the underlying cause of LN, which may lead to development of TLR9, TGF-β1, or PDGF-B antagonists to prevent the development of renal fibrosis and renal failure in LN. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is lobular neoplasia.