Among the entire study group, 14 patients, who developed late preeclampsia, showed significantly lower semaphorin 3F levels in the amniotic fluid at amniocentesis as compared with women who carried out a normal pregnancy (9.08±7.7 vs. 30.85±15.81 ng/mL, p<0.001) (Fig 4A). Here, SEMA3F is linked to preeclampsia.