NOS3 and endothelial dysfunction: Healthy dietary components may improve endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation through several potential mechanisms, such as inhibition of intracellular signalling pathways that activate the inflammatory response, reduction of oxidative stress, modulation of cell membrane stability, modulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity, modulation of the eicosanoid pathway by alteration of prostaglandin synthesis and modulation of endothelial-derived hyperpolarizing factor, which may influence vascular smooth muscle cell tone [13, 31–33].