MTD is associated with increased oxidative stress and inflammation [15] and may also result in reduced ATP production, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and release of proapoptotic products, such as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and cytochrome c. Although our recent study demonstrated that inhibition of mitochondrial complex I significantly attenuated MTD, and the inflammasome response in aldosterone-infused rats [16], the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in modulating mitochondrial function in a murine unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model of CKD disease is still unclear. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and chronic kidney disease.