PRF1 and neoplasm: In summary, through diminishing inhibitory MDSC, TAM, Treg, co-inhibitory molecules-double positive CD8+ T cells, and increasing effector CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells (including IFN-γ+, ICOS+, high levels of perforin and granzyme B), the dual treatment enhanced the potent anti-tumor immunity in the TME, thus displayed potent anti-tumour activity and prolonged the survival of tumour-bearing mice.