However, cell death was observed in Casp1Null BMDMs in response to infection by E. coli and C. rodentium or transfection of LPS (Fig. 3B), which is consistent with the model that, in response to non-canonical activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, pyroptosis is driven by caspase-11 rather than caspase-116, 42, 44, 50. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and infection.