TGFB1 and cancer: Among them were CEBPA and CEBPB (cell cycle regulation), RELA and CREL (NF-κB pathway), TCF7L1 (Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway), SMAD3 [transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling], FOXO1 and NFAT, all of which are involved in cancer initiation and progression.