Overall these variations were observed to be statistically significant (p = 0.005), however further analysis revealed insignificant variation in the plasma RANTES levels between severe and moderate and mild head injury groups (p = 0.85) and significant elevation in the RANTES levels between SHI group and healthy controls, also between moderate and mild head injury group and healthy controls (p ≤ 0.001; 0.01) respectively (Fig. 2). This evidence concerns the gene CCL5 and injury.