Indeed, a study that integrated records from approximately 13 million patients from the Medicare database with disease-gene maps discovered a set of COPD co-morbidity candidate biomarkers that includes IL15, TNF and JUP (junction plakoglobin), and characterizes their association to aging and life-style conditions, such as smoking and physical activity [99]. The gene discussed is IL15; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.