The nano-formulation may be best suited for targeted BDNF-induced neuroregeneration or neuroprotection where perturbation in CNS oxygenation lies such as those seen in ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes, however, the modes of administration, pharmacokinetics and toxicity profile will need to be evaluated in future in vivo studies, and, finally, the treated iPSCs may be transplanted as a cell-based BDNF delivery strategy [72,73], where the overexpressed BDNF not only may act on the donor stem cells, but also promote neural differentiation of resident stem cells. Here, BDNF is linked to hemorrhagic stroke.