Zerumbone treatment at 50 μM for 12 h inhibited the activation of NF-κB and NF-κB-regulated gene expression induced by carcinogens and various inflammatory agents (such as okadaic acid, tumour necrosis factor (TNF), cigarette smoke and hydrogen peroxide) on H1299 lung adenocarcinoma, KBM-5 chronic myelogenous leukemia, A293 embryonic kidney, and FaDu squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and squamous cell carcinoma.