NFKB1 and familial dilated cardiomyopathy: Activated NFκB translocates into the nucleus and stimulates related gene expression.31 As a key transcription factor related to inflammation, NFκB has been shown to have a pivotal role in the development of DCM.32 NFκB activation has been found in primary human cardiomyocytes exposed to HG.26 In this study, HG-induced NFκB activation in both H9c2 and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.