Interestingly, in an in vitro study, Ben-Batalla et al.71 found that M-CSF and IL-10, mediated by AML, instruct BMDSCs to secret Gas6.75 Notably, overexpression of Gas6/TAM is associated with an adverse prognosis in AML.71, 74 It has been shown that patients expressing Gas6 (Gas6+), especially those with ages ⩾60 years, more often fail to achieve complete remission (CR) compared with those who do not express Gas6. This evidence concerns the gene CSF1 and acute myeloid leukemia.