In particular, CXCR4 stimulation was found to induce expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human breast carcinoma cells and conversely blockade of CXCL12/CXCR4 signalling was able to suppress tumour angiogenesis and tumour growth in vivo in a murine model13. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is breast carcinoma.