To lend support to the hypothesis that the three upregulated miRNAs via downregulation of putative targets, GCK and PDHA1, are contributing to perturbed functions of pancreatic islet cells in the T2D model GK rats and human T2D patients, we measured their expression by qPCR and/or western blot. The gene discussed is PDHA1; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.