Comparing frequencies of SNPs associated with DMT1, SLC39A14, F13A1, RIPK2, STEAP4, and BMP2 in p.C282Y homozygotes with and without diabetes would provide information about the role of these genes and their corresponding proteins in iron uptake in and inflammatory injury to beta cells. TNF-308G→A was significantly associated with TS but not SF levels measured in population screening [164]. Here, TNF is linked to diabetes mellitus.