TEX101 and male infertility: In this work, we focused on the full characterization of TEX101 as an analyte in SP; the preclinical evaluation of the performance of TEX101 ELISA in a large cohort of fertile, subfertile, and infertile men; and the validation of TEX101 as a prognostic biomarker of male infertility and a predictive biomarker of sperm retrieval in NOA patients.