Gene expression of pro-inflammatory factors associated to inflammatory response (IFN-γ, transcription factor T-bet, GATA-3; FoxP3 and CTLA-4; IL-17 and IL-18) were upregulated in heart samples of chronic Chagasic patients [24] and its inflammatory environment has been reported as inductor of gene expression related with heart failure [25] and gap junction dysfunction during Chagas disease [26], possibly explaining this fact the electrical disturbances observed in patients. Here, CTLA4 is linked to Chagas disease.